![]() ![]() Therefore they all create a folder and give you access so you can upload the file to their folder. Each of them, however, uses different cloud storage application - Google Drive, Microsoft OneDrive and Dropbox.You have a 1 MB file (say a photo) that you would like to share with 3 friends.Here is another example to help you imagine what the difference could be depending on the situation. Similar problems exist for other transmission media. Once you start adding in the MAC addresses, an IP header and a TCP or UDP header, then you've added even more overhead.Ĭheck out. This is all necessary overhead, but is subtracted from the total bandwidth of the link.Īnd this is only for the lowest level protocol which is stuffing raw data out onto the wire. All of those occupy what is referred to as "bit times" meaning the amount of time it takes to transmit one bit over the line. ![]() To make it actually useful there's a start of frame sequence which precedes any actual data bits, a frame check sequence at the end for error detection and an idle period between transmitted frames. Unfortunately this would be a completely unformatted stream of bits. For example, you could pump 10^9 bits per second down a Gigabit Ethernet link over a Cat-6e or fiber optic cable. The bandwidth of a link is the theoretical maximum amount of data that could be sent over that channel without regard to practical considerations. ![]()
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